The discovery and introduction of antimicrobials to clinical medicine was one of the furthermost medical achievements of the 20th century that revolutionized the treatment of bacterial infections. However, the continuing appearance of populations of antimicrobial-resistant pathogenic bacteria resulting from use, misuse, and abuse of antimicrobials has today become a major global health worry. Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) genes have been suggested to originate from bacteria, as clinically important resistance genes have been detected on the chromosome of bacteria. As only a few new antimicrobials have been developed in the last decade, the further evolution of resistance creates a serious menace to public health. Urgent measures are essential not only to reduce the use of antimicrobials for prophylactic and therapeutic purposes but also to look for option strategies for the control of bacterial infections. This review look at the global depiction of antimicrobial resistance, factors that favor its increase, strategies, and limitations for its control and the need for continuous training of all stake-holders i.e., medical, veterinary, public health, and other relevant professionals as well as human consumers, in the suitable use of antimicrobial drugs.
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